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Description: An alpha-adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent. [PubChem]
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Pharmacology: Phenylephrine is a powerful vasoconstrictor. It is used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent. Phenylephrine is a postsynaptic alpha-receptor stimulant with little effect on the beta receptors of the heart. Parenteral administration of Phenylephrine causes a rise in systolic and diastolic pressures, cardiac output is slightly decreased and peripheral resistance is considerably increased, most vascular beds are constricted; renal, splanchnic, cutaneous, and limb blood flows are reduced but coronary blood flow is increased. Pulmonary vessels are constricted, and pulmonary arterial pressure is raised. This alpha receptor sympathetic agonist is also used locally because its vasoconstrictor and mydriatic action.
Mechanism of Action: Phenylephrine produces its ophthalmic and systemic actions by acting on alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in the pupillary dilator muscle and the vascular smooth musle, resulting in contraction of the dilator muscle and contraction of the smooth muscle in the arterioles of the conjunctiva and peripheral vasoconstriction. Phenylephrine decreases nasal congestion by acting on alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the nasal mucosa to produce constriction.
Indication: For the treatment of ophthalmic disorders (hyperaemia of conjunctiva, posterior synechiae, acute atopic), nasal congestion, hemorrhoids, hypotension, shock, hypotension during spinal anesthesia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. It is also used as an aid in the diagnosis of heart murmurs and for prolongation of spinal anesthesia
Half Life: 2.1 to 3.4 hours
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Data Correlations | 4 studies

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Genes category icon Genes
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ADRA1A 100 100
WFDC1 100 100
INHA 93 93
163404 91 91
NR4A3 87 87
NAP1L5 86 86
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Biogroups category icon Biogroups
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I17 - mucus peptidase inhibitor inh… 100 100
Globoside Metabolism 99 99
Calcium Regulation In Cardiac Cells 99 99
ACE2 Pathway 98 98
Ganglioside Biosynthesis 97 97
Transposase, L1 96 96
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Individual Studies

  • Biomechanically Stretched Cardiomyocytes

    Rattus norvegicus Rattus norvegicus | RNA Expression   RNA Expression

    Neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCMs) were stretched biaxially (112%/24h) or stimulated with phenylephrine (PE, 50 uM), both resulting in a similar degree of hypertrophy. Unstretched NRVCMs served as negative control. Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed 164 genes more than 2.0-fold up…

    Authors: Frank Derk, Kuhn Christian, Brors Benedikt et al.

    Organization: University of Heidelberg Dept. of Intern…

  • Drug target sets for approved compounds

    Homo sapiens Homo sapiens | Therapeutic   Therapeutic

    The DrugBank database is a unique bioinformatics and cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i.e. chemical, pharmacological and pharmaceutical) data with comprehensive drug target (i.e. sequence, structure, and pathway) information.

    Authors: David S Wishart, Craig Knox, An Chi Guo et al.

    Organization: Department of Computing Science, Univers…
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Associated Researchers

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Thought leaders and organizations working on research involving phenylephrine.

View All Author iconAuthors
  • KaMala S Thomas
  • Richard A Nelesen
  • Michael G Ziegler
  • Joel E Dimsdale
  • Roya Naderi
View All Clinical trial sponsors icon Clinical Trials Sponsors
  • Schering-Plough
  • Medical University of Vienna
  • Khon Kaen University
  • IWK Health Centre
  • University of Roma La Sapienza
View All Affiliations icon Organizations
  • Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
  • Children's Hospital
  • Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
  • University of Cape Town and New Groote Schuur Hospital
  • University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

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  • No photo available Karen  Sweazea

    Assistant Professor

    Arizona State University

  • Morteza Piri Morteza  Piri

    Instructor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azad University, Ardabil branch

    Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil branch, Ardabil, Iran

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